Standard precautions:

Standard prevention: refers to a series of measures taken to reduce the occurrence of hospital infection to a large extent based on the principle that patients' blood, body fluid, secretions (excluding sweat), incomplete skin and mucous membrane may contain infectious factors. Including hand hygiene, use of personal protective equipment, respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette, etc.

Level I protection requirements:

Level I protection refers to all medical staff engaged in diagnosis and treatment in medical institutions. They need to wear work clothes, disposable hats, isolation clothing, and disposable surgical masks. After each contact with patients, they need to use iodophor disinfectant or other disinfectants to rub for 1 to 3 minutes, and wear gloves when contacting body fluids, secretions, and other substances.

Scope of application of Level I protection:

1. Personnel who carry out medical observation on close contacts of pneumonia cases infected by new coronavirus.

2. Sample delivery personnel.

3. Emergency medical staff are popular in general respiratory diseases.

Secondary protection requirements:

Secondary protection refers to the level of protection taken for the prevention and control of infectious diseases. Medical workers such as those who collect samples and transfer patients need to wear medical protective clothing, medical protective masks, masks, protective helmets, etc., clean and disinfect after each contact with patients, replace masks every 4 hours, and pay attention to the protection of respiratory tract and mucous membrane;

Scope of application of secondary protection:

1. Personnel who carry out epidemiological investigation on close contacts, suspected cases or confirmed cases with symptoms of pneumonia infected by new coronavirus.

2. Personnel who carry out final disinfection in the epidemic focus.

3. Laboratory personnel who process and test specimens in biological cabinets.

4. Drivers and medical personnel for patient transfer.

5. Medical personnel who enter the isolation observation room, isolation ward or isolation ward of new coronavirus pneumonia for diagnosis and treatment, cleaning and disinfection.

Level III protection requirements:

Level III protection is applicable to medical staff who are in close contact with infectious patients, responsible for specimen collection, and handling patient blood or secretions. In addition to Level II protection requirements, they also need to strengthen protection. They can replace goggles and respirators with comprehensive respiratory protectors or electric air supply filter respirators.

Scope of application of three-level protection:

1. Personnel who collect samples from close contacts, suspected cases or confirmed cases of pneumonia infected by new coronavirus.

2. Personnel who may produce aerosol during sample processing and testing.

3. The medical personnel who observe or confirm the pneumonia infected by the new type of coronavirus and implement the close distance treatment operations that may produce aerosols, such as endotracheal intubation, atomization treatment, examination of induced sputum, bronchoscopy, sputum suction of respiratory tract, nursing of trachea incision, physical therapy of chest cavity, suction of nasopharynx, positive pressure ventilation with mask (such as BIPAP and CPAP), high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, resuscitation operation, post death lung biopsy, etc.

4. Workers who handle the blood, secretion, excreta of patients and the bodies of dead patients.

The above is the introduction of "medical protective clothing of medical personnel is divided into three levels" by Shen Wan Xiaobian. After medical protection is used, it shall be disposed according to relevant regulations on medical waste to avoid expanding pollution in this process.